当主语在谓语前出现时叫顺序（the natural order）。在某些情况下，我们可以把谓语成分放在主语前面，这种词序叫做倒装（ the inverted order）。

    倒装分两种：配合语法条例的倒装，叫“grammatical inversion”；配合强调语势的叫“emphatic inversion”。
    语法上的倒装句是强制性的，包括下列 7 种： 

    

 
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⒈疑问句，如：

    ● Can you do it?

    ● How old are you?

    ● When did you know him?

    ● Why did you elect him as captain?

    ● Which of these apples do you prefer?

    但疑问代词做主语时，不必倒置，如：

    ● Who is your English teacher?

    ● What happened last night?

    ⒉表示“愿望”的句子，如：

    ● May God bless you.

    ● Long live the king!

    ⒊“There”引导的句子，如：

    ● There are many cars on the road.

    ● There stand some big trees near the river.

    ● There is a security guard outside the bank.

    ⒋感叹句，如：

    ● How beautiful the flower is!

    ● What a smart boy you are! 
    ⒌有连接词“so, neither, nor”的句子，如：

    ● Tom can ride a bicycle; so can I.

    ● She can't sing; neither can he.

    ● John has never been late; nor have I.

    ⒍省略连词“if”的条件副词分句，如：

    ● Were I you, I would not do such a thing.

    ● Should the machine break down again, send it back to us.

    ● Had you worked harder, you would have passed.

    ⒎“as, however”连接的让步副词分句，如：

    ● Small as the pen is, it is a powerful weapon.

    ● However busy you are, you should spend some time reading Zaobao weekly.

    谈过了语法上的倒装句，现在谈强调的倒装句。

    ● Never have I seen such a wicked man.

    ● On no account must this employee be removed.

    ● Not until he told me had I heard anything of it.

    ● No sooner had I left than the rain came.

    ● Up jumped the puppy.

    ● In came John.

    ● Down fell the rotten branches from the tree.

    ● Out came a woman and her maid.